Biodiversity: Global Patterns, Conservation Strategies, and Ecosystem Resilience

Biodiversity: Global Patterns, Conservation Strategies, and Ecosystem Resilience presents an integrated and interdisciplinary examination of biodiversity as a foundation for ecosystem functioning, stability, and long-term resilience. The book brings together ecological, environmental, and socio-cultural perspectives to explore how biodiversity patterns are shaped by natural processes and human activities across terrestrial, coastal, and marine ecosystems. Drawing on empirical evidence and case studies particularly from tropical regions such as Indonesia this volume examines biodiversity responses to environmental change, land-use pressures, and climate-related stressors. It highlights the ecological roles of dominant plant species, mangrove and coral reef systems, and microbial communities in sustaining ecosystem processes, including carbon cycling, greenhouse gas regulation, and habitat connectivity. The book also critically addresses conservation strategies and restoration practices, emphasizing the trade-offs that may arise between climate mitigation goals and biodiversity conservation. By integrating ecological science with management and policy perspectives, it underscores the importance of ecosystem-based approaches and nature-based solutions for enhancing resilience in vulnerable ecosystems. In addition, socio-cultural and governance dimensions of biodiversity conservation are explored, illustrating how local knowledge systems, cultural values, and institutional frameworks contribute to social–ecological resilience. Methodological considerations in biodiversity assessment are also discussed, highlighting their implications for conservation planning and decision-making. Overall, this eight-chaptered volume provides a comprehensive and balanced perspective on biodiversity science, linking global patterns with practical conservation strategies and resilience thinking. It is intended for researchers, graduate students, policymakers, and practitioners seeking a deeper understanding of biodiversity dynamics and their role in sustaining ecosystems in a rapidly changing world.