Before Lewis and Clark

"A fine history of a French family that enjoyed great influence—and deservedly so—in the early trans-Mississippian West" from a Pulitzer Prize–winning author ( Kirkus Reviews ). "If not for evocative histories such as Christian's, America's French heritage might molder only in vestigial place-names and ruins. . . . A fascinating history bound to enrapture Old West readers." — Booklist Shortly after Meriweather Lewis reached St. Louis in 1803 to plan for his voyage to the Pacific with William Clark, he prepared his first packet of flora and fauna from west of the Mississippi and dispatched it to President Jefferson. The cuttings, which were later planted in Philadelphia and Virginia, were supplied by Lewis's new French friend, Pierre Chouteau, who took them from a tree growing in the garden of his mansion. One of the best-known families in French America, the Chouteaus had guarded the gates to the West for generations and had built fortunes from fur trading, land speculation, finance, and railroads, and by supplying anything needed to survive in the region between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains. Patrician in their origins, they nevertheless won the respect and allegiance of dozens of Indian tribes. From their St. Louis base, the Chouteaus conquered the more-than-two-thousand-mile length of the Missouri River, put down the first European roots at the future site of Kansas City and in present-day Oklahoma, and left their names and imprints on lands stretching to the Canadian border. Before Lewis and Clark: The French Dynasty that Ruled America's Frontier is the extraordinary story of a wealthy, powerful, charming, and manipulative family, who dominated business and politics in the Louisiana Purchase territory before the famous Lewis and Clark expedition, and for decades afterward. "Christian's lively portrait of the Chouteaus opens a window on a little-known portion of early American history ." —Publishers Weekly "Christian deserves commendation for investing a great deal of time and energy in her research." — St. Louis Post-Dispatch "Christian works hard to understand the Chouteaus on their terms." — Los Angeles Times "Carefully researched . . . Christian weaves the Chouteaus' story seamlessly into the development of the frontier." — The Kansas City Star